Kwisekethe ye-DC, i-capacitor ilingana nesekethe evulekileyo. I-Capacitor luhlobo lwecandelo elinokugcina itshaja yombane, kwaye ikwayenye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhuluizinto ze-elektronikiOku kuqala ngesakhiwo se-capacitor. Ii-capacitor ezilula ziquka ii-polar plates kuzo zombini iziphelo kunye ne-insulating dielectric (kuquka nomoya) embindini. Xa zinikwe amandla, ii-plates ziyatshajwa, zenze i-voltage (umahluko onokubakho), kodwa ngenxa yezinto ezikhuselayo embindini, yonke i-capacitor ayiqhubi. Nangona kunjalo, eli tyala liphantsi komqathango wokuba i-voltage ebalulekileyo (i-breakdown voltage) ye-capacitor ingadluli. Njengoko sisazi, nayiphi na into igqunywe ngobushushu obuqhelekileyo. Xa i-voltage kwi-substance inyuka ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, zonke izinto zinokuqhuba umbane, obizwa ngokuba yi-breakdown voltage. Ii-capacitors azikho ngaphandle. Emva kokuba ii-capacitors zaphukile, azizi-insulator. Nangona kunjalo, kwinqanaba lesikolo esiphakathi, ezo voltage azibonakali kwi-circuit, ngoko zonke zisebenza ngaphantsi kwe-breakdown voltage kwaye zinokuthathwa njenge-insulators. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-AC circuits, indlela yokutshintsha kwangoku njengomsebenzi wexesha. Inkqubo yokutshaja nokukhupha ii-capacitors inexesha. Ngeli xesha, intsimi yombane etshintshayo yenziwa phakathi kwee-electrode, kwaye le ntsimi yombane nayo ikwangumsebenzi wokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Enyanisweni, umbane udlula phakathi kwee-capacitors ngendlela yentsimi yombane.

Umsebenzi we-capacitor：

●Ukudibanisa:I-capacitor esetyenziswa kwi-coupling circuit ibizwa ngokuba yi-coupling capacitor, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-resistance-capacitance coupling amplifier kunye nezinye ii-capacitive coupling circuits, kwaye idlala indima yokwahlula i-DC kunye nokudlulisa i-AC.

●Ukucoca:Ii-capacitors ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe zokucoca zibizwa ngokuba zii-filter capacitors, ezisetyenziswa kwii-power filter kunye nee-filter circuits ezahlukeneyo. Ii-filter capacitors zisusa imiqondiso ngaphakathi kwebhendi ethile ye-frequency kwi-total signal.

●Ukudibanisa:Ii-capacitors ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe zokuqhawula zibizwa ngokuba zii-decoupling capacitors, ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe zokubonelela nge-voltage ye-DC zee-amplifier zezigaba ezininzi. Ii-decoupling capacitors zisusa unxibelelwano olunobungozi oluhamba rhoqo oluphantsi phakathi kwe-amplifier yesigaba ngasinye.

●Ukususwa kokungcangcazela okuphindaphindiweyo okuphezulu:I-capacitor esetyenziswa kwisekethe yokucima ukungcangcazela okuphindaphindekayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-capacitor yokucima ukungcangcazela okuphindaphindekayo. Kwi-amplifier yempendulo engalunganga yesandi, ukuze kupheliswe ukuzivuselela okuphindaphindekayo okunokwenzeka, le sekethe ye-capacitor isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa ukubhomboloza okuphindaphindekayo okunokwenzeka kwi-amplifier.

●Isandi:Ii-capacitors ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe ze-LC resonant zibizwa ngokuba zii-resonant capacitors, ezifunekayo kwiisekethe ze-LC parallel kunye ne-series resonant.

●Dlula:I-capacitor esetyenziswa kwisekethe ye-bypass ibizwa ngokuba yi-bypass capacitor. Ukuba isignali kwibhendi ethile ye-frequency kufuneka isuswe kwisignali kwisekethe, isekethe ye-bypass capacitor ingasetyenziswa. Ngokwe-frequency yesignali esusiweyo, kukho i-full frequency domain (zonke iisignali ze-AC) isekethe ye-bypass capacitor kunye nesekethe ye-high frequency capacitor bypass.

●Ukungathathi cala:Ii-capacitors ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe zokunganyakazi zibizwa ngokuba zii-neutralization capacitors. Kwii-radio high frequency kunye nee-intermediate frequency amplifiers kunye nee-TV high frequency amplifiers, le circuit ye-neutralization capacitor isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa ukuzivuselela.

●Ixesha:Ii-capacitors ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe zexesha zibizwa ngokuba zii-timing capacitors. Isekethe ye-timing capacitor isetyenziswa kwisekethe ekufuneka ilawule ixesha ngokutshaja nokukhupha ii-capacitors, kwaye ii-capacitors zidlala indima yokulawula i-time constant.

●Ukudibanisa:Ii-capacitors ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe zokudibanisa zibizwa ngokuba zii-capacitors zokudibanisa. Kwisekethe yokwahlulahlula ehambelanayo ye-electric potential field scanning, i-field synchronous signal inokukhutshwa kwi-field compound synchronous signal ngokusebenzisa le circuit ye-integral capacitor.

●Umahluko:Ii-capacitors ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe ezahlukeneyo zibizwa ngokuba zii-differential capacitors. Ukuze kufunyanwe isignali ye-spike trigger kwisekethe ye-flip-flop, isekethe ye-differential capacitor isetyenziselwa ukufumana isignali ye-spike pulse trigger evela kwiisignali ezahlukeneyo (ngokuyintloko i-rectangular pulse).

●Imbuyekezo:I-capacitor esetyenziswa kwisekethe yembuyekezo ibizwa ngokuba yi-compension capacitor. Kwisekethe ye-bass compensation yomnini wekhadi, le sekethe ye-low-frequency compensation capacitor isetyenziselwa ukuphucula isignali ye-low-frequency kwisignali yokudlala. Ukongeza, kukho isekethe ye-high frequency compensation capacitor.

●Umtya wokuqalisa:I-capacitor esetyenziswa kwisekethe ye-bootstrap ibizwa ngokuba yi-bootstrap capacitor, esetyenziswa rhoqo kwisekethe yesigaba sokuphuma kwe-OTL power amplifier ukwandisa i-positive half-cycle amplitude yesignali ngempendulo eyakhayo.

●Ulwahlulo lwezihlandlo:I-capacitor kwisekethe yokwahlulahlula i-frequency ibizwa ngokuba yi-capacitor yokwahlulahlula i-frequency. Kwisekethe yokwahlulahlula i-loudspeaker kwibhokisi yesandi, isekethe ye-capacitor yokwahlulahlula i-frequency isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-loudspeaker esebenza rhoqo kwibhendi ye-high-frequency, i-loudspeaker esebenza rhoqo kwibhendi ye-medium-frequency kunye ne-loudspeaker esebenza kancinci kwibhendi ye-low-frequency.

●Umthamo womthwalo:ibhekisa kwi-capacitance yangaphandle esebenzayo emisela i-frequency ye-resonant yomthwalo kunye ne-quartz crystal resonator. Amaxabiso aqhelekileyo aqhelekileyo kwii-load capacitors yi-16pF, 20pF, 30pF, 50pF, kunye ne-100pF. I-load capacitance ingalungiswa ngokwemeko ethile, kwaye i-frequency yokusebenza ye-resonator ingalungiswa kwixabiso elimiselweyo ngokuyilungisa.

Okwangoku, imboni yee-capacitor zefilimu ingena kwixesha lophuhliso oluzinzileyo ukusuka kwi-
ixesha lokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye amandla amatsha nadala e-kinetic oshishino akwi
isigaba sotshintsho.