I-Capacitor yinxalenye egcina itshaja yombane. Umgaqo wokugcina amandla we-general capacitor kunye ne-ultra capacitor (EDLC) uyafana, zombini itshaja yokugcina ikwimo ye-electrostatic field, kodwa i-super capacitor ifanelekile ngakumbi ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla, ngakumbi kulawulo lwamandla oluchanekileyo kunye nezixhobo zomthwalo okhawulezileyo.
Makhe sixoxe ngee-capacitors eziphambili zemveli ze-super capacitors ngezantsi.
| Izinto zokuthelekisa | I-Capacitor eqhelekileyo | I-Supercapacitor |
| Isishwankathelo | I-capacitor eqhelekileyo yi-dielectric yokugcina itshaja engashukumiyo, enokuba netshaja esisigxina kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu. Yinto ebalulekileyo ye-elektroniki kwicandelo lamandla e-elektroniki. | I-Supercapacitor, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-electrochemical capacitor, i-double layer capacitor, i-gold capacitor, i-Faraday capacitor, yinto ye-electrochemical eyaphuhliswa kwiminyaka yoo-1970 noo-1980 ukugcina amandla ngokudibanisa i-electrolyte. |
| Ulwakhiwo | I-capacitor eqhelekileyo inee-conductors ezimbini zesinyithi (ii-electrode) ezisondeleleneyo ngaxeshanye kodwa zingadibani, kunye ne-dielectric ekhuselayo phakathi kwazo. | I-supercapacitor ine-electrode, i-electrolyte (equlethe ityuwa ye-electrolyte), kunye ne-separator (ethintela ukudibana phakathi kwee-electrode ezilungileyo nezingalunganga). Ii-electrode zigqunywe nge-activated carbon, enemingxuma emincinci kumphezulu wayo ukuze yandise indawo yomphezulu wee-electrode kwaye yonge umbane ongakumbi. |
| Izixhobo ze-dielectric | I-aluminium oxide, iifilimu zepolymer okanye iiceramics zisetyenziswa njengee-dielectrics phakathi kwee-electrodes kwi-capacitors. | I-supercapacitor ayinayo i-dielectric. Endaweni yoko, isebenzisa umaleko wombane ophindwe kabini owenziwe yinto eqinileyo (i-electrode) kunye nolwelo (i-electrolyte) kwindawo yokudibanisa endaweni ye-dielectric. |
| Umgaqo wokusebenza | Umgaqo osebenzayo we-capacitor kukuba itshaja iya kushukunyiswa ngamandla akwintsimi yombane, xa kukho i-dielectric phakathi kwee-conductors, iyayithintela intshukumo yetshaja kwaye yenze itshaja iqokeleleke kwi-conductor, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuqokeleleni kwendawo yokugcina itshaja. | Kwelinye icala, ii-Supercapacitors zigcina amandla ombane ngokuyila i-electrolyte kunye nee-pseudo-capacitive charges. Inkqubo yokugcina amandla ye-supercapacitors iyakwazi ukutshintshwa ngaphandle kweempembelelo zeekhemikhali, ngoko ke inokutshajwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ikhutshwe ngamakhulu amawaka amaxesha. |
| Ubungakanani bomthamo | Umthamo omncinci. Umthamo we-capacitance ngokubanzi ususela kwi-pF ezimbalwa ukuya kumawaka aliqela e-μF. | Umthamo omkhulu. Umthamo we-supercapacitor mkhulu kangangokuba ungasetyenziswa njengebhetri. Umthamo we-supercapacitor uxhomekeke kumgama ophakathi kwee-electrode kunye nommandla womphezulu wee-electrode. Ke ngoko, ii-electrode zigqunywe nge-activated carbon ukuze kwandiswe indawo yomphezulu ukuze kufumaneke umthamo ophezulu. |
| Uxinano lwamandla | Iphantsi | Phezulu |
| Amandla athile | <0.1 Wh/kg | 1-10 Wh/kg |
| Amandla athile | 100,000+ Wh/kg | 10,000+ Wh/kg |
| Ixesha lokutshaja/lokukhupha | Amaxesha okutshaja nokukhupha ii-capacitors eziqhelekileyo aqhele ukuba yimizuzwana eli-103-106. | Ii-Ultracapacitors zinokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuneebhetri, ngokukhawuleza njengemizuzwana eli-10, kwaye zigcine itshaja engaphezulu ngeyunithi nganye kunee-capacitors eziqhelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto ithathwa njengephakathi kweebhetri kunye nee-capacitors ze-electrolytic. |
| Ubomi bomjikelo wokutshaja/wokukhupha | Mfutshane | Ixesha elide (ngokubanzi i-100,000+, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1 yezigidi zemijikelo, ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 yokusetyenziswa) |
| Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja/ukukhupha itshaja | >95% | 85%-98% |
| Ubushushu bokusebenza | -20 ukuya kwi-70℃ | -40 ukuya kwi-70℃ (Iimpawu zobushushu ezingcono kakhulu kunye nobubanzi bobushushu) |
| I-voltage elinganisiweyo | Phezulu | Ezantsi (ngesiqhelo yi-2.5V) |
| Ixabiso | Ezantsi | Phezulu |
| Inzuzo | Ilahleko encinci Uxinano oluphezulu lokudibanisa Ulawulo lwamandla olusebenzayo nolusebenzayo | Ubomi obude Umthamo ophezulu kakhulu Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nexesha lokukhupha Umthwalo ophezulu wangoku Uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu bokusebenza |
| Isicelo | ▶Umbane ophumayo ogudileyo; ▶Ukulungiswa kwePower Factor (PFC); ▶Izihluzo zefrikhwensi, izihluzo ze-high pass, izihluzo ze-low pass; ▶Ukudibanisa nokudibanisa isignali; ▶Iziqalisi zeemoto; ▶Ii-Buffers (izikhuseli zokushushuluza kunye nezihluzi zengxolo); ▶Ii-oscillators. | ▶Izithuthi ezintsha zamandla, oololiwe kunye nezinye iindlela zothutho; ▶Umbane ongaphazanyiswayo (UPS), othatha indawo yeebhanki ze-capacitor ze-electrolytic; ▶Umbane weefowuni eziphathwayo, iilaptop, izixhobo eziphathwayo, njl.njl.; ▶Izikrufu zombane ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezinokutshajwa ngokupheleleyo ngemizuzu embalwa; ▶Iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezingxamisekileyo kunye nezixhobo zombane ezinamandla aphezulu; ▶Ii-IC, i-RAM, ii-CMOS, iiwotshi kunye neekhompyutha ezincinci, njl. |
Ukuba unento ofuna ukuyongeza okanye ezinye izinto onokuziqonda, nceda ukhululeke ukuxoxa nathi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-22-2021