Eyona nzuzo inkulu yee-capacitors zefilimu ze-organometallic kukuba ziyaziphilisa, nto leyo eyenza ezi capacitors zibe zezona zikhula ngokukhawuleza namhlanje.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokuziphilisa ii-capacitors zefilimu ezenziwe ngesinyithi: enye kukuziphilisa ngokukhupha; enye kukuziphilisa ngombane. Eyokuqala yenzeka kwi-voltage ephezulu, ngoko ke ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-high-voltage self-healing; kuba le yokugqibela ikwafumaneka kwi-voltage ephantsi kakhulu, idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-low-voltage self-healing.

Ukuziphilisa Ngokukhupha Umzimba

Ukuze sibonise indlela yokuziphilisa ngokukhupha i-discharge, cinga ukuba kukho isiphene kwifilimu yendalo phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini zesinyithi ezinokumelana ne-R. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesiphene, isenokuba sisiphene sesinyithi, i-semiconductor okanye isiphene esingagqunywanga kakuhle. Ngokucacileyo, xa isiphene singesinye sezokuqala, i-capacitor iya kuzikhupha ngokwayo kwi-voltage ephantsi. Kukwimeko yokugqibela kuphela apho i-discharge ebizwa ngokuba yi-high voltage iyaziphilisa.

Inkqubo yokuziphilisa ngokukhupha i-voltage V kukuba emva nje kokufaka i-voltage V kwi-capacitor yefilimu eyenziwe ngesinyithi, i-ohmic current I=V/R idlula kwi-defect. Ke ngoko, i-current density J=V/Rπr2 idlula kwi-electrode eyenziwe ngesinyithi, oko kukuthi, okukhona indawo ikufutshane ne-defect (i-r encinci injalo) kwaye i-current density yayo iphezulu ngaphakathi kwe-electrode eyenziwe ngesinyithi. Ngenxa yobushushu beJoule obubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamandla okungalunganga W=(V2/R)r, ukumelana kwe-R ye-semiconductor okanye i-insulating defect kwehla ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, i-current I kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla W kuyanda ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yoko, i-current density J1= J=V/πr12 inyuka ngokukhawuleza kummandla apho i-electrode eyenziwe ngesinyithi ikufutshane kakhulu ne-defect, kwaye ubushushu bayo beJoule bunokunyibilikisa i-metalized layer kummandla, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-arc phakathi kwee-electrodes ibhabhe apha. I-arc iyaphela ngokukhawuleza kwaye ilahle isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, yenze indawo yokwahlulwa egqunyiweyo ngaphandle kwe-metal layer. I-arc iyacinywa kwaye ukuphiliswa kwayo kufezekiswa.

Ngenxa yobushushu beJoule kunye ne-arc eveliswa kwinkqubo yokuziphilisa yokukhupha, i-dielectric ejikeleze isiphene kunye nendawo yokwahlukanisa i-insulation yomphezulu we-dielectric ngokungenakuphepheka yonakaliswa kukonakala kobushushu kunye nombane, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ukubola kweekhemikhali, ukwenziwa kwegesi kunye ne-carbonization, kunye nomonakalo woomatshini uyenzeka.

Ukusuka koku kungasentla, ukuze kufezekiswe ukuziphilisa okupheleleyo kokukhupha umoya, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa indawo efanelekileyo yasekuhlaleni ejikeleze isiphene, ngoko ke uyilo lwe-capacitor yefilimu ye-organic eyenziwe ngesinyithi kufuneka luphuculwe ukuze kufezekiswe indawo efanelekileyo ejikeleze isiphene, ubukhulu obufanelekileyo bomaleko wesinyithi, indawo ehlala ingenamanzi, kunye ne-voltage kunye nomthamo ofanelekileyo. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-perfect discharge self-healing kukuba: ixesha lokuziphilisa lifutshane kakhulu, amandla okuziphilisa mancinci, ukwahlulwa okuhle kweziphene, akukho monakalo kwi-dielectric ejikelezileyo. Ukuze kufezekiswe ukuziphilisa okuhle, iimolekyuli zefilimu ye-organic kufuneka zibe nomlinganiselo ophantsi wekhabhoni kwiiathom ze-hydrogen kunye nomlinganiselo ophakathi weoksijini, ukuze xa ukubola kweemolekyuli zefilimu kwenzeka kwi-self-healing discharge, akukho khabhoni iveliswayo kwaye akukho kubekwa kwekhabhoni okwenzekayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukwenziwa kweendlela ezintsha zokuqhuba umoya, kodwa endaweni yoko i-CO2, CO, CH4, C2H2 kunye nezinye iigesi ziveliswa ukucima i-arc ngokunyuka okukhulu kwegesi.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba imidiya ejikeleze isiphene ayonakaliswa xa iziphiliswa, amandla okuziphilisa akufuneki abe makhulu kakhulu, kodwa angabi mancinci kakhulu, ukuze kususwe umaleko wesinyithi ojikeleze isiphene, ukwakheka kwendawo yokugquma (ukumelana okuphezulu), isiphene siya kwahlulwa, ukuze kufezekiswe ukuziphilisa. Ngokucacileyo, amandla okuziphilisa afunekayo anxulumene kakhulu nesinyithi somaleko wesinyithi, ubukhulu, kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, ukuze kuncitshiswe amandla okuziphilisa kwaye kufezekiswe ukuziphilisa okuhle, kwenziwa isinyithi seefilimu ze-organic ezineentsimbi eziphantsi zokunyibilika. Ukongeza, umaleko wesinyithi akufuneki ube mkhulu kwaye ubhitye ngokulinganayo, ngakumbi ukuphepha imikrwelo, kungenjalo, indawo yokwahlukanisa i-insulation iya kuba njengesebe kwaye ingaphumeleli ukuziphilisa okuhle. Ii-capacitor ze-CRE zonke zisebenzisa iifilimu eziqhelekileyo, kwaye ngaxeshanye ulawulo olungqongqo lokuhlola izinto ezingenayo, zivimba iifilimu ezinesiphene emnyango, ukuze umgangatho weefilimu ze-capacitor uqinisekiswe ngokupheleleyo.

Ukongeza ekuzinyangeni ngokukhupha igazi, kukho enye, eyi-electrochemical self-healing. Masixoxe ngale ndlela kwinqaku elilandelayo.